Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis Treatment Information
- By:Juliet Cohen
Hypokalemic periodic paralysis is a condition that causes episodes of extreme muscle weakness typically beginning in childhood or adolescence. Hypokalemic periodic paralysis causes occasional episodes of muscle weakness. It is one of a group of genetic disorders that includes hyperkalemic periodic paralysis and thyrotoxic periodic paralysis. Hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HOKPP) is characterized by two different forms: a paralytic form and a myopathic form. The paralytic form is characterized by attacks of reversible flaccid paralysis with concomitant hypokalemia, usually leading to paraparesis or tetraparesis.
The main triggers are carbohydrate-rich meals and rest after exercise; rarely, cold induced hypokalemic paralysis has been reported. The interval between crises may vary and may be extended by the preventive treatment with potassium salts or acetazolamide. The age at onset of the first attack is one year of age and 20 years, the frequency of attacks is the highest between 15 and 35 years and then declines with age. The form of myopathy HOKPP develops in approximately 25% of affected individuals and leads to progressive muscle weakness sets, which begins at the age varies as exercise intolerance, especially in the lower limbs.
It occurs independent of paralytic symptoms and can be the only manifestation of HOKPP. Weakness may be mild and limited to certain groups of muscles, or more serious paralysis of the entire body. Weakness most commonly affects the muscles of the arms and legs, but may affect the trunk as well. Occasionally weakness affects the muscles of the eyelid (causing droopy lids). Prophylactic treatment is necessary when attacks are frequent. Potassium, which is given during an attack can stop the attack. Another management tool for hypokalemic attacks is eating a low-carbohydrate and low-salt food.
Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis Treatment and Prevention Tips
1. Acetazolamide prevents attacks in many cases.
2. Triamterene or spironolactone may help to prevent attacks.
3. Glucose may need to be given intravenously.
4. Other medications such as acetazolamide have also been effective.
5. A low-carbohydrate diet and avoidance of alcohol may be recommended.About the author:
Juliet Cohen writes article for Home Remedies. She also writes articles for Makeup and Skin Care.